Introduction

The book explores the evolving global socioeconomic crisis shaped by the convergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, persistent cross-border and internal conflicts, international sanctions and recurring natural disasters. Situated within the broader field of global political economy and development studies, it examines how these overlapping shocks disrupt economic systems, trade and energy pathways and essential sectors such as healthcare, agriculture, education and communication. The central theme emphasizes the interconnected and mutually reinforcing nature of these crises, highlighting how structural vulnerabilities and human-driven factors intensify their scale and impact across both developed and developing regions.

A key strength of the book lies in its integrative, multidisciplinary approach, combining economic analysis with political and environmental perspectives. It offers structured and timely insights into developments across several regions and presents a human-centered narrative that consistently foregrounds the lived experiences of ordinary people, especially in war-torn and vulnerable societies.

The chapters collectively trace the progression of these crises across regions and sectors. Early sections examine the pandemic's economic and social aftermath, followed by analyses of major conflict zones—including Ukraine and the Middle East—and their far-reaching implications for global supply chains, food security and energy markets. Subsequent chapters explore the role of sanctions, climate stress and geopolitical tensions, particularly the ripple effects of U.S.–China rivalry, in reshaping global stability. Together, they reveal how strategic chokepoints such as the Strait of Hormuz and the Red Sea have become critical pressure points in an increasingly fragile global system.

Part 3 covers conditions in Western Developed regions (focusing on United States of America and Europe) and two countries under international trade sanctions (Iran and Russia).>

Key Features

• - Integrates real-world evidence with clinical trial data.
• - Covers major spine surgery domains and technologies.
• - Comparative analysis of evidence vs. surgeon experience.
• - Uses structured survey data and Rasch-based methodology to provide practical insights for clinical decision-making and research.

Target Readership :

Primary readership: Researchers studying war and conflict, public health, epidemiology, international affairs, peace and conflict studies and health economics; diplomats, policy and development analysts and humanitarian workers.

Secondary readership: Students of sociology, economics, political science, international relations, development studies, environmental studies and global health; journalists, educators and general readers.