Editorial Policies

For journals and Books, the following publication policies by Bentham Science apply:


Peer Review

All submitted articles/Book chapters are subject to an extensive peer review in consultation with members of the Journal Editorial Board and independent external referees ; usually three reviewers. All manuscripts/chapters are assessed rapidly and the decision based on all the peer reviewers comment, taken by the Journal Editor-in-Chief/ Book Editor, is then conveyed to author(s).


Copyediting and Proofs

Articles and Book chapters must be written in good English in a clear and correct style in order to maintain uniformity throughout the text. Articles/chapters submitted are copyedited before they are published.


Reprints

High-quality, bound/unbound, print/e-reprints can be purchased for all published articles and book chapters.


Editorial Policies

Articles/chapters must be submitted by one of the authors of the manuscript, and should not be submitted by anyone on their behalf. The principal/corresponding author will be required to submit a Copyright Letter along with the manuscript, on behalf of all the co-authors (if any). The author(s) will confirm that the manuscript (or any part of it) has not been published previously or is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. Furthermore, any illustration, structure or table that has been published elsewhere must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained.


Appeals and Complaints

Authors who wish to make a complaint should refer it to the Editor in Chief of the journal concerned. For edited Book series, the chapter contributors may direct their complaints to the Editor of the Book. To the publisher any complaints to Jalil@benthamscience.net


Conflict of Interest

Financial contributions to the work being reported should be clearly acknowledged, as should any potential conflict of interest.


Plagiarism Prevention

Bentham Science Publisher uses the iThenticate software to detect instances of overlapping and similar text in submitted manuscripts. iThenticate software checks content uploaded by a journal editorial office against a database of periodicals, the Internet, and a comprehensive article database. It generates a similarity report, including the percentage overlap between the uploaded article and published material. Any instances of content overlap are treated according to a journal's peer review integrity statement and the policies recommended by the editorial Committee. You are assured that the publisher, where you are submitting your manuscript, is committed to actively combating plagiarism and publishing original research.


Copyright and License

Open Access Plus (Subscription Journals and Books)

Accepted articles can be published online for free open access view. Open access publishing provides the maximum dissemination of the article to the largest audience. All corresponding authors will be asked to indicate whether or not they wish to pay to have their paper made freely available on publication. If authors do not select the Open Access option, then their article will be published with standard subscription-based access.


Copyright (Subscription Journals and Books)

Editors/Authors who publish in Bentham Journal/Book will transfer copyright to their work to Bentham Science Publishers. Submission of a manuscript to the respective journals implies that all editors/authors have read and agreed to the content of the Copyright Letter or the Terms and Conditions.


Ethical Approval of Studies and Informed Consent

For human or animal experimental investigations, it is a prerequisite to provide a formal review and approval, or review and waiver, by an appropriate institutional review board or ethics committee and should be documented in your paper. For investigations undertaken on human subjects, the manner in which the informed consent was obtained from the study participants (i.e., oral or written) should be stated in the Methods section.


Authors are encouraged to obtain patient consent when they use confidential case material. Consent is not necessary in the case of very brief case vignettes which do not contain identifying information or if the case material is disguised sufficiently to prevent identification of the patient.


In obtaining consent, the author(s) should discuss the purpose(s) of publication, the possible risks and benefits to the patient and the patient's right to withhold or withdraw consent. In the case of a minor patient, consent should be obtained from the parent(s) or guardian(s) and assent should be obtained from the patient.


Standard Protocol on Approvals, Registrations, Patient Consents & Animal Protection

All clinical investigations must be conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki principles. Authors must comply with the guidelines of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (www.icmje.org) with regard to the patient’s consent for research or participation in a study. Patients' names, initials, or hospital numbers must not be mentioned anywhere in the manuscript (including figures). Editors may request that authors provide documentation of the formal review and recommendation from the institutional review board or ethics committee responsible for oversight of the study.


Publication Charges and Author Declaration

Bentham Science Publishers does not charge any fees from authors for the publication of book chapters in Bentham Books unless the Chapter is going to be published under an Open Access License. In all other cases, authors are not required to make any payment to Bentham Science Publishers at any stage of the submission, review, or publication process.


If any chapter contributor has made any payment to an Editor or to any third party in connection with the submission or publication of a chapter, such payment is strictly outside the purview and responsibility of Bentham Science Publishers. Bentham Science Publishers shall not be held liable for any such transactions.


All contributing authors are required to submit a formal declaration at the time of chapter submission confirming that no payment has been made to Bentham Science Publishers, and disclosing whether any payment has been made to an Editor or any other third party.


Bentham Science charges fees only for optional services, i.e., (i) Quick Track Publication, (ii) Full Text Open Access Publication, (iii) Graphic Improvements, (iv) Language Improvement Services, etc., as listed in the Instructions for Authors, but if these services are not availed, no payment is applicable on publication.


Authorship And Ai Tools

Bentham Science Publishers recognizes that authors use a variety of tools for preparing articles related to their scientific works, ranging from simple ones to very sophisticated ones.


According to the COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) guidelines, "AI tools cannot meet the requirements for authorship as they cannot take responsibility for the submitted work. As non-legal entities, they cannot assert the presence or absence of conflicts of interest nor manage copyright and license agreements".


The pertinence of such tools may vary and evolve with public opinion, due to which the use of AI-powered language tools has led to a significant debate. These tools may generate useful results, but they can also lead to errors or misleading results; therefore, it is important to know which tools were used for evaluating and interpreting a particular scientific work.


Considering the above, we require that:

  1. The authors should report any significant use of such tools in their works, such as instruments and software, along with text-to-text generative AI consistent with subject standards for methodology.
  2. All co-authors should sign a declaration that they take full responsibility for all of its contents, regardless of how the contents were generated. Inappropriate language, plagiarized and biased contents, errors, mistakes, incorrect references, or misleading content generated by AI language tools and the relevant results reported in scientific works are the full and shared responsibility of all the authors, including co-authors.
  3. AI language tools should not be listed as an author; instead, authors should follow clause (1) above.


Permissions

For Bentham Science’s policy on self- archiving of articles and related permissions policy, please refer to www.benthamscience.com/permission.php


Disclaimer

No responsibility is assumed by Bentham Science Publishers, its staff or members of the editorial board for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products instruction, advertisements or ideas contained in a publication by Bentham Science Publishers.