Preface

The book primarily focuses on recent advances in the field of micro-strip antenna design and its applications in various fields, including space communication, mobile communication, wireless communication, medical implants, wearable applications etc. Scholars from electronics/ electrical/instrumentation engineering, researchers, and industrial people will benefit from this book. Students, researchers, and people from industries have expressed concerns about obtaining antenna measurements in various environments. The current book shall provide the literature using which students and researchers would be able to design antennas for above-mentioned applications. Ultimately, it would enable users to take measurements in different environments. The book is organized into eight chapters. A brief description of each chapter is as follows:

Introduction to Microstrip Antenna: The chapter includes basics of microstrip antenna, its design issues, and various applications.

Fractal and Defected Ground Structure Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Applications: The chapter highlights the characteristics of antenna miniaturization technology across distinct fractal geometries. Non-Euclidian geometry is fractal geometry. The fractal geometry antenna has multi-band frequency of operation with a relatively larger bandwidth. Fractal antennas have demerits that can be effectively optimized by defective ground structure over traditional antennas. Numerous applications such as WLAN, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, WCN, Mobile 2G,3G, 4G, 5G, Wi-Max, etc., are seen in the research discussed in this article.

Role of AI in Market Developments and Financial Stability Implications: This research article provides a general role of AI in financial services and its definition in practical scenarios. The research work is mostly qualitative and does not include any data analysis for its results. This chapter describes the major benefits derived by the practices of AI in general in the financial sector. For the study, some examples of the role of AI in service organizations are analyzed and results are given from their findings. The authors have explained the benefits of AI from the perspectives of both customers and service providers.

Performance Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Various Applications: With the development of wireless communication systems, compact wireless devices that allow more space for the integration of other electronic components are needed. Engineering innovation poses problems for integrating multiple RF-band antennas with a wide range of frequencies. We can improve the antenna design by advancing the optimization methodology. It also provides us with the opportunity to analyze the existing studies to categorize and synthesize them in a meaningful way.

Importance and Uses of Microstrip Antenna in IoT: This chapter attempts to consider how the IoT (Internet of Things) is revolutionizing the world. IoT is a network similar to the monster wherein different devices interconnect and furnish to communicate with each other. Thus, it helps to drive computerization to an advanced level. This helps all the connected devices to communicate with one another and make decisions on their own without human intercessions.

Use of Smart-Antenna in Mobile Communication: By researching the smart antenna techniques, it is observed that the success of the smart antenna lies on two major factors: first, the smart antenna’s features need to be considered early in the design phase of future systems (top-down compatibility); second, a realistic performance evaluation of smart antenna techniques needs to be performed according to the critical parameters associated with future system requirements (bottom-up feasibility). In the end, we will discuss the market trends, future projections, and the expected financial impact of smart antenna systems deployment.