Preface

The book aims to bring together leading academics, scholars and researchers to exchange and share their perspectives and study findings on all facets of technology, engineering, and innovation. As it applies to engineering processes and research, this book concentrates on smart technology. The following subjects are discussed in the book: networking, signal processing, artificial intelligence, control and machine engineering, clever electronic circuits and devices, connectivity, computer, electrical, photonics, mobile computing, big data, Internet of Things, power electronics, cyber-attacks, nanotechnology, MEMS, crystals, metal physical properties, solids, liquids, and crystals. People have started to pay heed to the pursuit of smart and refined lives, contributing to the advancement of smart technologies in different industries.

On behalf of the editors, we would like to thank everyone who took part. First and foremost to the authors, whose excellent work is at the core of the book, and we gratefully congratulate all those involved and wish them great success. We want to thank our family and friends for their support and encouragement while we worked on this book. We offer all credit and respect to our almighty Lord for his bountiful grace, which enabled me to finish this book successfully. We would also like to thank Bentham Science Publisher and its whole team for facilitating the work and providing the opportunity.

The content of this book is summarized as follows

1. In Chapter 1, The receiving antenna is critical in an RF energy harvesting system because it collects energy from nearby radiating sources. The amount of harvestable energy is influenced by antenna characteristics such as gain, radiation pattern, and impedance bandwidth, therefore, choosing the correct receiving antenna is crucial. The microstrip patch antenna is a popular choice because of its low profile, low cost, and ease of manufacture.

2. In Chapter 2, Routers are often used to connect networks to the internet. Wi-Fi allows anybody with a computing device to connect to the internet at fast speeds without the need for a cable connection. Wireless networks use the Open System Interconnect (OSI) standard model for data transport. Wireless networks employ this reference model in the same manner as wired networks do, with a few differences in the data connection layer, since wireless networks coordinate data access to a shared air medium and deal with failures due to the wireless medium's inherent nature.

3. In Chapter 3, Temperature dependent Quantum Cascade Lasers are known for their advantages when compared to conventional lasers. In this work, we will focus on their temperature dependent capabilities. This research work reports the impact of device parameters on the transient and steady state dynamics of the device. Also, an analysis of the analog modulation characteristics on the device is carried out in detail.

4. In Chapter 4, The fundamental research work's critical aim has been to investigate an advanced study on temperature-affected electro-optic characteristics of In_0.73Al_0.07Ga_0.20As/In Pheterointerface nanostructure in fiber-optic communication systems underpolarizing transverse bi-modes. In this advanced computing, under the various effects of temperatures, the various energy values of C-V(Conduction-Valence) quasi-Fermi sublevels with the various values of carriers of charge (in cm^-3) have been illustrated curvedly.

5. In Chapter 5, The in-silico study on protein-peptide docking involves initiating the biomolecular interaction to identify compatible peptides with antibacterial properties. The current research elucidates a computational module for the discovery. The protein-peptide docking of marine peptides against the marine bacteria and the gills of teleost fish in CABS-DOCK resulted in a compatible docked structure with the highest accuracy.

6. In Chapter 6, Composting allows for long-term management of organic wastes, turning it into nutrient-rich bio-manure while also reducing other environmental impacts. Traditional methods of monitoring and process management present a number of challenges in terms of efficiently using available resources to produce high-quality compost. As a result, smart composting technologies must be introduced to make it feasible for small-scale units in urban areas as well as large-scale operations in outlying areas.

7. In Chapter 7, An equivalent mathematical model of a Brushless DC motor is developed to obtain various parameters required for more accurate control of the drive. The analysis of the modelled drive is performed through simulation results at various speed steps much more suitable for adjustable speed drive. The drive suggested with a PID controller, equivalent mathematical model and Back emf detection provide a quick and efficient steady state performance during speed changes.

8. In Chapter 8, Some physico-chemical properties of hyperbranchedpoly([1,2,3]-triazole-[1,3,5]-triazine)s synthesized by thermal azide-alkyne cycloaddition of AB2 and A2B monomers were studied by DSC, TGA, SEC and other methods. Density, thermal stability, shock, and friction sensitivity were determined.

9. In Chapter 9, The high electrical conductivity of carbon nanotubes(CNTs) has motivated their incorporation into polymers for several purposes, including electrical conductivity enhancement and sensing. Some studies have suggested that thin films of CNT/polymer composites can be used for humidity sensing. This study focuses on the influence of humidity on the electrical conductivity of CNT modified proxy composite

10. In Chapter 10, The Power Factor Correction (PFC) Bridgeless (BL) Boost converter fed BLDC motor drive as a cost-effective solution for low power applications. A BL configuration of the boost converter is proposed, which eliminates the diode bridge rectifier, thus reducing the conduction losses associated with it. A PFC BL boost converter is designed to operate in Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DICM) to provide an inherent PFC at mains by using ANFIS-PID controller.

11. In Chapter 11, The Wireless Power transfer technique in electric vehicle charging using the Dual Active Bridge (DAB) system. The source end of the primary coil is connected with a constant high-frequency DC-DC converter with capacitive compensation, and the secondary coil is connected with capacitive compensation in moving electric vehicles (EVs). A transformer is used to improve the input power, and a compensating capacitor is used to reduce the amount of current leakage.

12. In Chapter 12, Vibrations play a very important role in the rotor systems. In the manufacturing of the rotor system, the imbalance caused by the offset impeller, and eccentricity produces unwanted vibrations. Various studies were carried out on unbalanced factors of rotor systems like eccentricity, crack, etc. But the effect of impeller offset due to manufacturing fault is not paid much attention.

13. In Chapter 13, The interfacial sliding motion of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) within a polymeric hosting matrix gives rise to energy dissipation. By tuning the interfacial shear strength (ISS) of the CNT-matrix interface, the dissipation can take place within tunable ranges of strain amplitudes. This is the basis for conceiving new multilayered carbon nanotube nanocomposites in which different layers with tunable ISS can lead to a concurrent optimization of strength and dissipation, often seen as two conflicting targets. Such optimization is tackled by a novel meso-mechanical nonlinear inelastic model proven to predict the damping capacity of CNT nanocomposites effectively.

14. In Chapter 14, The composite materials find various applications like turbine blades, helicopter blades, airplane wings, medical instruments, sports equipment, etc. They are subjected to a variety of dynamic excitations. The resonance condition is desirable for applications like vibration actuators, and musical instruments. And due to resonance, catastrophic failure may occur for most of the applications. Therefore, a study of dynamic behavior plays an important role in designing materials either to avoid or enforce resonance conditions.