Preface

Material science comprises various classes of material and every class constitutes a separate field. New materials are developed through nanotechnology in various field of material science that develops area of research like biotechnology, environmental science, information technology and energy technologies. The present book attempts to cover recent developments of new materials and its application in various fields. This book consists of ten book chapters from well-reputed Universities and Institutes. Chapters of the book cover the area like nanomaterial in society, nanomaterial in medicine ultimate in health sectors, nanomaterial as nano food. Some chapters of this book consists of application of materials/ nanomaterial for energy and its functionalization for particular applications like multifunctional advance nanomaterials for energy applications, materials in dye sensitized solar cells and for electrochemical sensing. The content of the books have three sections. A chapter by chapter brief description is as follows:

First sections have five chapters related to the different modified materials and their versatility in different field of science. In this respect, the authors of the chapter 1 have discussed the silent characteristic of many inorganic materials and their medicinal significance. The chapter 2 highlights some basics of chalcogenide glasses, preparation techniques and review of latest technological development along with structural properties, optical properties, thermal and electrical properties of chalcogenide glasses. The author presents the method of fabrication of chalcogenides, in bulk and thin film forms in Chapter 3. Dr Sunanda Das has given detailed study in chapter 4 about the polymeric synthetic fibers and its commercial uses. She has also highlighted the points related to the environmental impact and health issues engendered by using lot of synthetic polymeric fibres in different aspects. Chapter 5 present detailed surface morphological studies using AFM images of BaF2 thin films deposited by the electron beam evaporation technique on three different substrates like glass, silicon (Si) and aluminium (Al) substrate and also estimate the fractal dimensions of the horizontal as well as vertical sections of the film surfaces.

Second section of book content have three chapters belongs to the functionalized nanomaterial and also their applications. Chapter 6 deals with the synthesis and characterization of BFO and Sm doped BFO nano ceramics. Chapter 7 article present a review on the development of nano-technology for the removal and safe disposal of radioactive ions from the environment using nanomaterials. Chapter 8 is the ephemeral study of nanocatalyst in organic synthesis.

Third section of the book have chapters related to the role of modified materials in energy production and its utilization. In Chapter 9, Pinki, Subhash and Ashu Chaudhary have given an overview on implications and applications of multifunctional advanced materials/gadgets for energy conversion and storage. They have explained different processes used for energy conversion and storage like lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, polyoxometalates, polyaniline based two-dimensional dichalcogenides, chemical vapour deposition, thermal energy storage with phase change materials etc. Chapter 10 describes overall advancement in electrolytes used for producing low cost and industrially stable dye sensitized solar cells. For this purpose authors Priyanka Chawla, et. al. have explained the use of solid polymeric materials, such as PEO, PVA, PVDF and chitosan in place of liquid electrolytes.