Preface

This textbook clears the cavity between the elementary and the highly progressive volumes that are commonly accessible on the subject. It offers a brief but widespread outline of a number of topics, like fundamental ideas and characteristics of the nucleus, fission and fusion, general relativity, and radioactivity which are otherwise only accessible with much more detail. Providing a general introduction to the underlying concepts allows individuals who read to improve their knowledge of what these two research fields actually encompass. The book uses real-world examples to make the subject more attractive and inspire the use of mathematical formulations. Anticipated essentially for students of scientific disciplines such as physics and chemistry who want to learn about the subject and/or the associated techniques, it is also useful to high school teachers wanting to rejuvenate or modernize their understanding and to fascinated non-experts. This textbook gives an elementary understanding of nuclear and particle physics, offering an overview of theoretical as well as the experimental grounds, providing students with a profound understanding of the ideas about the nucleus, particle detectors, accelerators, radioactivity, and elementary particles, fundamental forces and recent applications of radioactivity. Each chapter provides the fundamental theoretical and experimental knowledge for students to strengthen their concepts regarding nuclear physics.

It is an appropriate textbook for undergraduate courses in nuclear and particle physics as well as more innovative courses; the book includes sophisticated and newly constructed figures as well as thoroughly solved equations that create the interest amongst undergraduate students to renovate the content of their course. It could be a vital textbook for students framing their future study or a profession in the field who needs a concrete understanding of nuclear and particle physics together. It provides a concise, thorough, and accessible treatment of the fundamental aspects of nuclear physics. Reorganized figures, resolved equations, rearranged contents and appendices make it easier to use for entire users. Indeed this book is unique because it makes important connections to other fields such as elementary particle physics and astrophysics. Moreover, its presentation is student-friendly and bridges nuclear physics as an essential part of modern physics with a comprehensive scientific and historical context. We trust that it may be advantageous for graduate students, or more commonly scientists, in various fields. In the first three chapters, we present the “extract,” i.e., we give the basic concepts essential to improve the rest. Chapter 1 deals with the introduction to nuclei and basic concepts in nuclear physics. In chapter 2, we describe nuclear fission and fusion. Chapter 3 is dedicated to the nuclear structure and properties of nuclei. Chapter 4 goes a step further. It deals with particle detectors. We shall see that it is conceivable to give a reasonably modest but comprehensive explanation of the major development in particle physics and fundamental dealings made since the late 1960s. In chapters 5 and 6, we turn to the important practical applications of nuclear physics, i.e., particle accelerators and nuclear reactors. In chapters 7 and 8, we intend to understand the origin and applications of radioactivity with some contemporary illustrations of how radioactivity originated and was used, be it in medicine, in the food industry or in engineering. Chapters 9 and 10 are subjected to nuclear astrophysics, stellar structure and evolution and nuclear cosmology and elementary particles. To conclude, we present an introduction to present ideas about nuclear astrophysics in chapter 10.

We want to extend our sincere thanks to all our collogues who constantly provided us with ideas before initiating this project. We are obliged to our co-workers for their irreplaceable help and recommendation throughout the years. We are also grateful to all who directly or indirectly contributed to illuminating discussions on various aspects of nuclear physics.

This book has been kept on track and seen through to completion with the support and encouragement of numerous people, including our well-wishers, our friends, as well as various institutions and laboratories. At the end of this book, it is a pleasant task to express our thanks to all those who contributed in many ways to the success of this study and made it an unforgettable experience for us to write this book.

Authors express their sincere thanks to Dr. Subhash Chaudhari, Vice Chancellor , Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, MH, India for his kind co-operation and we owe a great deal of appreciation and gratitude towards Dr.Sanjay Dudhe, Pro-Vice Chancellor, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, MH, India for all the help extended by them during the completion of this book. At this moment of accomplishment we would like to express our cordial and honest gratitude to Dr.Arti Moglewar, Principal, Sant Gadge Maharaj Mahavidyalaya, Hingna, MH, India for her guidance, support and constant encouragement. We are also thankful to Dr. Rajesh Kumar, Principal, AV College, Amritsar, India for his valuable advice, constructive criticism and his extensive discussions around this work.

We extend our sincere thanks to all of them who directly and indirectly supported willingly and selflessly for our experiments and all of them who also stayed with us in the process. We are indebted to our many young and dynamic friends for always providing a stimulating and fun filled environment whenever we go into this process.

We can see the good shape of present book because of the enough size of our research group. We remember our communication and coordination with each other, we had interesting and cheerful discussions started from search to research. We enjoyed the same with tea and snacks during the entire process of this book project.