Foreword

This manual is as a course of lectures for students of physical, technical, and engineering faculties, whose future field of interest is fabrication of nanomaterials, nanosystems, and nanocomposites as well as studies of their properties”. The Manual also deals with relating Methods of Analysis, which are employed for Researches of above mentioned materials, as well as considers original works of leading specialists working in the field of nanomaterials”.

The manual is composed of 9 chapters. The 1^st chapter reports a general information about nanosized structures, describes mechanical, thermodynamic, electrical, and magnetic properties, and presents the structure classification. The 2^nd chapter is devoted to nanoporous materials, and presents their modern classification. The 3rd chapter briefly describes fundamentals of amorphous material fabrication and their properties with the purpose of their comparison with nanostructured materials. The 4th chapter considers fullerenes, fullerites, and nanotubes, as well as briefly describes their definitions and properties. The 5th chapter briefly describes nanocomposite materials, methods of their fabrication, and properties. The 6th chapter describes methods of nanomaterial fabrication and their classification as well as methods of nanomaterial and amorphous material fabrication, which are employed in powder metallurgy. Methods of an intensive plastic deformation, which are currently employed for a material fabrication, as well as CVD and PVD methods, which are employed for thin film fabrication, are considered. In addition, the chapter deals with methods employed for fullerene and nanotube fabrication. It describes a particle micro-and nanoprobe applied for an analysis of the nanosized material. The chapter 7 presents methods applied for nanomaterial researches, such as structure and chemical analysis, a mechanical testing of solids, for example, measurements of nanohardness, an elastic modulus, etc. chapter 8 considers structure and properties of a nanostructured film and coating. This chapter is the biggest one in its volume. It considers many problems, such as role of energy in a coating formation, effect of an ion bombardment on the formation of the nanocrystalline coating. It presents information about a mixing process, the formation of a multi-layered coating, fabrication of super-hard coatings, thermal stability, and oxidation resistance of a solid coating, as well as describes their mechanical properties. The chapter reports why temperature and potential applied to a substrate play a crucial role in the formation of the nanocrystalline coating.

The manual is written by specialists involved for many years in researches of a material modification by particle beam and plasma, problem of new nanostructured material and combined coating fabrication, as well as all aspects of an ion implantation. The content of this eBook is well written and expressed in a compact and intelligible form. This manual is interesting not only for senior students, PhD students, but also for researchers, physicists, and chemists, whose field of interest is material science and solid, as well as for various institutions such as universities, institutes, and enterprises.