Editors: Atta-ur-Rahman , Allen B. Reitz, M. Iqbal Choudhary

Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry

Volume 4

eBook: US $44 Special Offer (PDF + Printed Copy): US $483
Printed Copy: US $461
Library License: US $176
ISSN: 1567-2042 (Print)
ISSN: 1875-5763 (Online)
ISBN: 978-1-60805-346-9 (Print)
ISBN: 978-1-60805-207-3 (Online)
Year of Publication: 2009
DOI: 10.2174/97816080520731090401

Introduction

“Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry” is an Ebook series devoted to the review of areas of important topical interest to medicinal chemists and others in allied disciplines. “Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry” covers all the areas of medicinal chemistry, including developments in rational drug design, bioorganic chemistry, high-throughput screening, combinatorial chemistry, compound diversity measurements, drug absorption, drug distribution, metabolism, new and emerging drug targets, natural products, pharmacogenomics, chemoinformatics, and structure-activity relationships. Medicinal chemistry as a discipline is rapidly maturing. The study of how structure and function are related is absolutely essential to understanding the molecular basis of life. “Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry” aims to contribute in a major way to the growth of scientific knowledge and insight, and facilitate the discovery and development of new therapeutic agents to treat debilitating human disorders. This Ebook series is essential for any medicinal chemist who wishes to be kept informed and up-to-date with the latest and the most important advances.

Indexed in

EMBASE, Scopus, Genamics JournalSeek, EMBiology

Indexed in: Scopus, EMBASE, Scilit, Chemical Abstracts, EBSCO, Ulrich's Periodicals Directory.

Contributors

Editor(s):
Atta-ur-Rahman
Biological Sciences
(HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular, Medicine & Drug Research)
University of Karachi
Karachi, 75270
Pakistan


Allen B. Reitz
Fox Chase Chemical Diversity Center, Inc.
Doylestown
PA, 18902
USA


M. Iqbal Choudhary
Biological Sciences
(HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular, Medicine & Drug Research)
University of Karachi
Karachi, 75270
Pakistan




Editorial Advisory Board:
P.R. Bernstein
University of Delaware
Newark
DE
USA


C. Bor-Luen
National Taiwan University, Taipei
Taiwan
R.O.C.


R. Efremov
M.M. Shemyakin & Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry
Moscow
Russia


C. Garcia-Echeverria
Sanofi-Aventis
Paris
France


D. Hadjipavlou-Litina
Arristotle Universith of Thessaloniki
Thessaloniki
Greece


D. Heymann
University of Nantes
Nantes
France


D.A. Jans
Nuclear Signaling Laboratory, Monash University
Australia


G.B. Mahady
University of Illinois at Chicago
Chicago
IL
USA


B. Malawska
Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum
Kraków
Poland


C. Philippe
Sciences and Technologies University of Lille
Lille
France




Contributor(s):
Jürgen Bajorath
Department of Life Science Informatics, B-IT, LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry
Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
Dahlmannstr. 2
Bonn, D-53113
Germany


Maria F. M. Borges
Laboratório de Química Orgânica
Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto
Porto, 4050-047
Portugal


Fernanda M. F. Roleira
CEF/Laboratório de Química Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia
Universidade de Coimbra
Coimbra, 3000-295
Portugal


Nuno J. S. P. Milhazes
Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde-Norte
Rua Central de Gandra 1317
Paredes, 4580
Portugal


Eugenio U. Villares
Departamento de Química Orgánica
Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago
Santiago de Compostela, 15782
Spain


Lourdes S. Penin
Departamento de Química Orgánica
Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago
Santiago de Compostela, 15782
Spain


Toshihiko Hanai
Health Research Foundation
Institut Pasteur 5F, Sakyo-ku
Kyoto , 606-8225
Japan


Veda M. Varnai

Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health
Ksaverska cesta 2, P.O. Box 291
Zagreb
HR, 10001
Croatia


Maja Blanuša

Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health
Ksaverska cesta 2, P.O. Box 291
Zagreb
HR, 10001
Croatia


Martina Piasek

Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health
Ksaverska cesta 2, P.O. Box 291
Zagreb
HR, 10001
Croatia


Krista Kostial

Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health
Ksaverska cesta 2, P.O. Box 291
Zagreb
HR, 10001
Croatia


Ramesh Chandra Gupta
SASRD
Nagaland University
Medziphema, 797106
India


Thida Win
Department of Chemistry
University of Mandalay
Mandalay
Myanmar


Shmuel Bittner
Department of Chemistry
Ben Gurion University of the Negev
Beer Sheva
Israel


Mauro Gobbini
Department of Medicinal Chemistry
Prassis Istituto di Ricerche Sigma-Tau
Via Forlanini 3, Settimo Milanese
Budapest
MI, 20019
Italy


Alberto Cerri
Department of Medicinal Chemistry
Prassis Istituto di Ricerche Sigma-Tau
Via Forlanini 3, Settimo Milanese
Budapest
MI, 20019
Italy


Paul Budworth
Horváth Laboratory of Bioseparation Science
University of Innsbruck
Innsbruck
Austria


Julia Khandurina
Horváth Laboratory of Bioseparation Science
University of Innsbruck
Innsbruck
Austria


Andras Guttman
Horváth Laboratory of Bioseparation Science
University of Innsbruck
Innsbruck
Austria


Gail B. Mahady
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy
College of Pharmacy, WHO Collaborating Centre for Traditional Medicine
University of Illinois at Chicago
Chicago
IL , 60612
USA


Zhengming Guo
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy
College of Pharmacy, WHO Collaborating Centre for Traditional Medicine
University of Illinois at Chicago
Chicago
IL , 60612
USA


Suryanarayana Vangapandu
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy
College of Pharmacy, WHO Collaborating Centre for Traditional Medicine
University of Illinois at Chicago
Chicago
IL , 60612
USA


Robert W. Sindelar
Department of Chemistry, 3National Center for the Development of Natural Products
School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi
Mississippi , 38677
USA


Larry A. Walker
National Center for the Development of Natural Products
School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi
Mississippi , 38677
USA


Robert D. Sindelar
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B. C.
Szeged, V6T1Z3
Canada


Andreimar M. Soares
Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas
Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, FCFRP
Universidade de São
Paulo, USP
Ribeirão Preto
SP
Brazil


Silvana Marcussi
Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas
Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, FCFRP
Universidade de São
Paulo, USP
Ribeirão Preto
SP
Brazil


Renata S. Fernandes
Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas
Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, FCFRP
Universidade de São, Paulo, USP
Ribeirão Preto
SP
Brazil


Danilo L. Menaldo
Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas
Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, FCFRP
Universidade de São, Paulo, USP
Ribeirão Preto
SP
Brazil


Tássia R. Costa
Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas
Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, FCFRP
Universidade de São, Paulo, USP
Ribeirão Preto
SP
Brazil


Miriam V. Lourenço
Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto
UNAERP, Ribeirão Preto
SP, 60064
Brazil


Ana H. Januário
Universidade de Franca, UNIFRAN
Franca
SP, 60064
Brazil


Paulo S. Pereira
Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto
UNAERP, Ribeirão Preto
SP, 60064
Brazil


Hiroshi Hirai
Department of Cancer Research
Tsukuba Research Institute, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., LTD., in collaboration with Merck Research Institute



Nobuhiko Kawanishi
Department of Cancer Research
Tsukuba Research Institute, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., LTD., in collaboration with Merck Research Institute



Yoshikazu Iwasawa
Department of Cancer Research
Tsukuba Research Institute, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., LTD., in collaboration with Merck Research Institute



Yogesh S. Tingare
Department of Chemistry
National Central University, Chung Li
Taiwan , 32054
ROC


Purushottam M. Dewang
Department of Chemistry
National Central University, Chung Li
Taiwan , 32054
ROC


Nai-Mu Hsu
Department of Chemistry
National Central University, Chung Li
Taiwan , 32054
ROC


Shao-Zheng Peng
Department of Chemistry
National Central University, Chung Li
Taiwan , 32054
ROC


Wen-Ren Li
Department of Chemistry
National Central University, Chung Li
Taiwan , 32054
ROC


Christos A. Kontogiorgis
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki
Thessaloniki , 54124
Greece


Paraskevi Papaioannou
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki
Thessaloniki , 54124
Greece


Dimitra J. Hadjipavlou-Litina
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki
Thessaloniki , 54124
Greece


Barbara R. Conway
Aston University, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston Triangle
Birmingham B4 7ET
UK


Fabrice Bailly
Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire
UMR CNRS 8009, Université de Lille 1
Villeneuve d'Ascq, 59655
France


Philippe Cotelle
Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire
UMR CNRS 8009, Université de Lille 1
Villeneuve d'Ascq, 59655
France


Amit Nayyar
Department of Medicinal Chemistry
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar
Punjab , 160 062
India


Sanjay R. Patel
Department of Medicinal Chemistry
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar
Punjab , 160 062
India


Rahul Jain
Department of Medicinal Chemistry
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar
Punjab , 160 062
India


Eliada Lazoura
Burnet Institute, Austin campus, Centre for Immunology
Immunology and Vaccine Laboratory
Heidelberg
VIC, 3084
Australia


Stephanie L. Day
Burnet Institute, Austin campus, Centre for Immunology
Immunology and Vaccine Laboratory
Heidelberg
VIC, 3084
Australia


Vasso Apostolopoulos
Burnet Institute, Austin campus, Centre for Immunology
Immunology and Vaccine Laboratory
Heidelberg
VIC, 3084
Australia


Donato Colangelo
Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche
Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro"
Via Solaroli, 17
Novara, I-28100
Italy


Domenico Osella
Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e della Vita
Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro"
Via Solaroli, 17
Alessandria, I-15100
Italy


Barbara Cacciari
Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
Università degli Studi di Ferrara
Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19
Ferrara, I-44100
Italy


Pamela Crepaldi
Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
Università degli Studi di Ferrara
Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19
Ferrara, I-44100
Italy


Stephanie Federico
Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
Università degli Studi di Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1
Trieste, I-34127
Italy


Giampiero Spalluto
Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
Università degli Studi di Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1
Trieste, I-34127
Italy


Takayoshi Suzuki
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya
Aichi , 467-8603
Japan


Naoki Miyata
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya
Aichi , 467-8603
Japan


Hubert Scharnagl
Clinical Institute of Medical and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics
Medical University of Graz
Austria


Tatjana Stojakovic
Clinical Institute of Medical and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics
Medical University of Graz
Austria


Winfried März
Synlab Center of Laboratory Diagnostics
Heidelberg
Germany


John W. Huffman
H. L. Hunter Chemistry Laboratory
Clemson University, Clemson
South Carolina, 29634-0973
USA


Lea W. Padgett
H. L. Hunter Chemistry Laboratory
Clemson University, Clemson
South Carolina, 29634-0973
USA


Garry M. Walsh
Division of Applied Medicine
Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen
Foresterhill, P.O. Box 27
Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD
UK


Michael Whitehouse
School of Medicine (Gold Coast Campus) and School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences (Nathan Campus)
Griffith University, Záhony u 7
Queensland
Australia


Nicole Höttecke
Clemens Schöpf-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
TU Darmstadt, Petersenstr. 22
Darmstadt, D-64287
Germany


Stefanie Baumann
Clemens Schöpf-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
TU Darmstadt, Petersenstr. 22
Darmstadt, D-64287
Germany


Ali Taghavi
Clemens Schöpf-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
TU Darmstadt, Petersenstr. 22
Darmstadt, D-64287
Germany


Hannes A. Braun
Clemens Schöpf-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
TU Darmstadt, Petersenstr. 22
Darmstadt, D-64287
Germany


Boris Schmidt
Clemens Schöpf-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
TU Darmstadt, Petersenstr. 22
Darmstadt, D-64287
Germany


Michael W. Marlatt
Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences-Center for Neuroscience
University of Amsterdam
Amsterdam
The Netherlands


Paula I. Moreira
Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology
University of Coimbra,
Coimbra
Portugal


Hyoung-gon Lee
Departments of Pathology and Neurosciences
Case Western Reserve University
Cleveland
Ohio
USA


Gemma Casadesus
Departments of Pathology and Neurosciences
Case Western Reserve University
Cleveland
Ohio
USA


Rudy J. Castellani
Department of Pathology
University of Maryland, Baltimore
Maryland
USA


Atsushi Takeda
Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience
Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
Sendai
Japan


Akihiko Nunomura
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering
University of Yamanashi
Yamanashi
Japan


Xiongwei Zhu
Departments of Pathology and Neurosciences
Case Western Reserve University
Cleveland
Ohio
USA


George Perry
College of Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio
San Antonio
USA


Mark A. Smith
Departments of Pathology and Neurosciences
, Case Western Reserve University
Cleveland
Ohio
USA


S. Bruce King
Department of Chemistry
Wake Forest University
Winston-Salem
NC , 27109
USA


Barbara Malawska
Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis
Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
30-688 Kraków, ul
Medyczna 9
Poland


Haitao Ji
Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology
Center for Drug Discovery and Chemical Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston
Illinois , 60208-3113
USA


Erik P. Erdal
Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology
Center for Drug Discovery and Chemical Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston
Illinois , 60208-3113
USA


Elizabeth A. Litzinger
Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology
Center for Drug Discovery and Chemical Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston
Illinois , 60208-3113
USA


Jiwon Seo
Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology
Center for Drug Discovery and Chemical Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston
Illinois , 60208-3113
USA


Yaoqiu Zhu
Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology
Center for Drug Discovery and Chemical Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston
Illinois , 60208-3113
USA


Fengtian Xue
Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology
Center for Drug Discovery and Chemical Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston
Illinois , 60208-3113
USA


Jianguo Fang
Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology
Center for Drug Discovery and Chemical Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston
Illinois , 60208-3113
USA


Jinwen Huang
Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology
Center for Drug Discovery and Chemical Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston
Illinois , 60208-3113
USA


Richard B. Silverman
Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology
Center for Drug Discovery and Chemical Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston
Illinois , 60208-3113
USA




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