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Table of ContentsPrevalence of Obesity: The Global Epidemics- Pp. 1-20 (20)Ya-Wen Hsu, Po-Wen Ku, Da-Chen Chu, Tsan-Hon Liou and Pesus Chou PDF Price: $15 View Abstract Purchase Chapter HDL Levels in Obesity- Pp. 21-48 (28)Justina Costandi, Michelle Melone and Shirya Rashid PDF Price: $15 View Abstract Purchase Chapter Inflammatory and Metabolic Markers in Pre- and Post- Treatment of Obesity- Pp. 49-66 (18)Silvia de Barros-Mazon, Daniela Miguel Marin, Camila Puzzi de Carvalho and Sarah Monte Alegre View Abstract Download Free Pharmacological Approach for Obesity- Pp. 67-81 (15)Mohannad Kusti, Forrest Olgers and Ehab Akkary PDF Price: $15 View Abstract Purchase Chapter Omics Approaches to Obesity and Complex Disorders: Challenges and New Opportunities- Pp. 82-95 (14)Kyoungmi Kim and Stanislav O. Zakharkin PDF Price: $15 View Abstract Purchase Chapter The Search for New Anti-Obesity Agents to Reduce Cardiometabolic Risk- Pp. 96-113 (18)Cynthia Arbeeny PDF Price: $15 View Abstract Purchase Chapter Monoaminergic Systems and Anti-Obesity Drug Discovery: Chronic Administration of Sympathicomimetic Amines, Re- Uptake Inhibitors, or Amine Oxidase Inhibitors?- Pp. 114-130 (17)Christian Carpene and Zsuzsa Iffiu-Soltesz PDF Price: $15 View Abstract Purchase Chapter Rimonabant for Obesity- Pp. 131-149 (19)Cintia Curioni, Cintia Azara and Jane Capelli PDF Price: $15 View Abstract Purchase Chapter Phytochemicals as Potential Agents for Prevention and Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Diseases- Pp. 150-185 (36)Taesun Park and Yunjung Kim PDF Price: $15 View Abstract Purchase Chapter Targeting the Opioid System: An Effective Treatment for Obesity?- Pp. 186-199 (14)Caroline Reid and Caroline Davis PDF Price: $15 View Abstract Purchase Chapter Development of Melanin Concentrating Hormone Receptor R1 Antagonists for the Pharmacological Treatment of Obesity- Pp. 200-228 (29)Gildardo Rivera, Antonio Monge and Virgilio Bocanegra-Garcia PDF Price: $15 View Abstract Purchase Chapter CBR1 Blockade and New Anti-Obesity Drugs Development: Targeting the Adipose Tissue- Pp. 229-236 (8)Laurence Hoareau, Karima Bencharif and Regis Roche View Abstract Download Free Gastric Endocrine Cell and Food Intake Regulation- Pp. 237-250 (14)Andreas Stengel, Miriam Goebel and Yvette Tache PDF Price: $15 View Abstract Purchase Chapter Mitigation Strategies of Obesity-Induced Inflammation and Metabolic Syndrome- Pp. 251-264 (14)Andreas D. Flouris, Andres E. Carrillo and Giorgos S. Metsios PDF Price: $15 View Abstract Purchase Chapter Medication Absorption Post-Bariatric Surgery with Emphasis on Management of Vitamin Deficiencies- Pp. 265-282 (18)Susan Jacob, Nhu Nguyen, Christian S. Jackson and Stewart Rendon PDF Price: $15 View Abstract Purchase Chapter PrefaceObesity is a disease which leads to a number of chronic illnesses and reduced life expectancy. It is a complex health problem, caused by a number of factors such as excessive food intake, lack of physical activity, genetic predisposition, endocrine disorders, medications and psychiatric illnesses. It has been identified as the leading preventable cause of mortality and morbidity, and substantial research work has been carried out to identify the strategies and molecular targets for pharmacological interventions. Onset of obesity in both developing and developed world has reached to epidemic proportions. In response to this, efforts to control and treat obesity have also been vigorously pursued, ranging from raising awareness about life style changes to the discovery and development of safe and effective anti-obesity drugs. The book entitled of “Anti-obesity Drug Discovery and Development” is focused on this very important area of healthcare research. Fifteen well written reviews make this special volume an excellent compilation of state-of-the-art developments in the subject. Hsu et al., in the first chapter of the book set the stage for subsequent contributions by providing fundamental facts and statistics about obesity as well as the need of anti-obesity drugs. Constandi et al. review the current understanding about relationship between obesity and cardiovascular disorders (CVD). More specifically dyslipidemia in obesity is a major cause of CVD in obese patients, and strategies to increase HDL (good cholesterol) levels hold great promise. Barros-Mazon et al. in their chapter review studies conducted on inflammatory and metabolic aspects of obesity, and the positive changes that occur with sustained weight loss. The review contributed by Kusti et al. focuses on pharmacological interventions developed to treat obesity. It presents the diverse options currently available to shunt various points in the complex molecular cascade of obesity. Modern technologies, such as proteomics and metabolomics, have been employed to study obesity and molecular markers associated with the disease. This important area is reviewed by Kim and Zakharkin in their article. Cynthia Arbeeny has contributed a review on the underlying mechanisms of cardiovascular risks, as well as targets which have been identified to develop pharmacological agents to reduce CVD related morbidity and mortality. Carpène and Iffiu-Soltesz have contributed a review focusing on discrepancies between the cultured adipocyte model and animal model in the discovery of anti-obesity drugs. The role of rimonabant as an anti-obesity drug and the associated adverse side-effects, along with its mechanism of action and results of clinical studies, have been reviewed by Curioni et al. This is an interesting account of the rise and fall of a “block-buster” drug and future prospects of its use. Secondary metabolites isolated from medicinal plants, have been used for a variety of therapeutic purposes. Park and Kim review the available information on various aspects of the potential uses of plant-based compounds against obesity and obesity-related co-morbidities. Some of the promising phytochemicals in the treatment of obesity have been discussed in this review. A greater understanding of obesity on molecular basis led to the discovery of opioid peptides and opiate receptors. These molecules are believed to mediate in the appetite towards palatable food. They are therefore regarded as an effective target in anti-obesity drug development. The role of opioid peptides and opiate receptors are reviewed by Reid and Davis. Rivera et al. present the studies conducted on the development of melanin concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCH-R1) antagonists as a target for anti-obesity drug development. Structure-function of MCH-R1 and discovery of antagonists are the two main topics of this review. A review on the discovery of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CBR1) as a potential target for anti-obesity drug development is contributed by Hoareau et al. They emphasize the need for the development of safe and effective CBR1 antagonists after the failure of Torcetraqib. Recent studies confirm that food intake is regulated by certain receptors in brain. Similarly it has been discovered that specific endocrine cells, the X/A-like cells of gastric mucosa, play an important role in appetite. The role of endocrine cells, and acylated ghrelin released from these cells, in food intake is reviewed by Stengel et al. Flouris et al. have contributed a chapter focusing on the association between obesity and inflammation, along with efficacy of biochemical mimics in the control of obesity-related inflammation. Bariatric surgery is one of the most effective strategies to treat obesity disorder. Jacob et al. review the after effects of such surgeries such as vitamin deficiencies. They have also discussed various strategies developed to overcome post-operative problems. We would like to express our deep gratitude to all the contributors for making this volume an excellent compilation of modern knowledge on the science of obesity and its treatment. We also wish to express our thanks to Ms. Taqdees Malik (Editorial Assistant), Ms. Sadaf Idrees Khan (Composer) and members of Bentham Science Publishers (The Netherlands) for their assistance in the timely completion of this assignment. We are also most grateful to Mr. Mahmood Alam (Managing Director) for efficiently leading the Bentham team in this project.
Prof. Dr. Atta-ur-Rahman,
FRS
List of ContributorsEditor(s):Prof. Dr. Atta-ur-Rahman FRSUniversity of Karachi Pakistan Prof. Dr. M.Iqbal Choudhary University of Karachi Pakistan Contributor(s):Ya-Wen HsuDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital Community Medicine Research Centre and Institute of Public Health National Yang Ming University Taipei Taiwan Po-Wen Ku Graduate Institute of Sports and Health, National Changhua University of Education National Yang Ming University Taipei Taiwan Da-Chen Chu Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei City Hospital Community Medicine Research Centre and Institute of Public Health National Yang Ming University Taipei Taiwan Tsan-Hon Liou Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Taiwan Pesus Chou Community Medicine Research Centre and Institute of Public Health National Yang Ming University Taipei Taiwan Justina Costandi Department of Medicine, Graduate Department of Medical Sciences Henderson Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton Graduate Department of Medical Sciences Ontario Canada Michelle Melone Department of Medicine, Henderson Research Centre McMaster University, Hamilton Ontario Canada Shirya Rashid Department of Medicine, Graduate Department of Medical Sciences Henderson Research Centre, McMaster University Graduate Department of Medical Sciences McMaster University, Hamilton Ontario Canada Silvia de Barros-Mazon Department of Clinical Pathology Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Sao Paulo Brazil Daniela Miguel Marin Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Sao Paulo Brazil Puzzi de Carvalho Camila Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Sao Paulo Brazil Sarah Monte Alegre Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Sao Paulo Brazil Mohannad Kusti Department of Bariatric and Advanced Laparoscopic Surgery Preston Memorial Hospital, Kingwood West Virginia USA Forrest Olgers Department of Bariatric and Advanced Laparoscopic Surgery Preston Memorial Hospital, Kingwood West Virginia USA Ehab Akkary Department of Bariatric and Advanced Laparoscopic Surgery Preston Memorial Hospital, Kingwood West Virginia USA Kyoungmi Kim Division of Biostatistics University of California Davis School of Medicine and Technology and Innovation, Solae St. Louis MO USA Stanislav O. Zakharkin Division of Biostatistics University of California Davis School of Medicine and Technology and Innovation, Solae St. Louis MO USA Cynthia Arbeeny Vice President Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Genzyme Corporation, 49 New York Ave. Framingham MA , 01701-9322 USA Christian Carpéné INSERM, U858 Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil Université de Toulouse III UPS, IFR 150 Toulouse France Zsuzsa Iffiú-Soltész Université de Toulouse III UPS, IFR 150 Toulouse France / Department of Pharmacodynamics Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary Cintia Curioni Departamento de Nutrição Social Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rua S Francisco Xavier, 524 – Maracanã Rio de Janeiro RJ, 20550-900 Brazil Cintia Azara Faculdade Arthur Sá Earp Neto Av. Barão do Rio Branco 1003 Centro Petrópolis RJ, 25680-120 Brazil Jane Capelli Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus Macaé – Curso de Nutrição Rua Aluísio da Silva Gomes, 50 Granja dos Cavaleiros Macaé RJ, 27930-560 Brazil Taesun Park Department of Food and Nutrition Yonsei University, 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu University of Udine Seoul, 120-749 Republic of Korea Yunjung Kim Department of Food and Nutrition Yonsei University, University of Udine 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu Seoul, 120-749 Republic of Korea Caroline Reid Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University 4700 Keele Street, M3J 1P3, 503-10 Navy Wharf Court Toronto, M5V 3V2 Ontario Canada Caroline Davis Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University 4700 Keele Street M3J 1P3, 503-10 Navy Wharf Court Toronto, M5V 3V2 Ontario Canada Gildardo Rivera Departamento de Farmacia y Química Medicinal Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa Aztlán Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas Calle 16 y Lago de Chápala, s/n Reynosa, 88740 México Antonio Monge Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA) Universidad de Navarra, Calle Irunlarrea, s/n Pamplona, 31008 España Virgilio Bocanegra-Garcia Departamento de Farmacia y Química Medicinal Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa Aztlán Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas Calle 16 y Lago de Chápala, s/n Reynosa, 88740 México Laurence Hoareau Groupe d’Etude sur l’Inflammation Chronique et l’Obésité (GEICO), Plateforme CYROI Université de La Réunion, 2 rue Maxime Rivière Sainte Clotilde, 97490 France Karima Bencharif Groupe d’Etude sur l’Inflammation Chronique et l’Obésité (GEICO) Plateforme CYROI - Université de La Réunion 2 rue Maxime Rivière Sainte Clotilde, 97490 France Régis Roche Groupe d’Etude sur l’Inflammation Chronique et l’Obésité (GEICO) Plateforme CYROI - Université de La Réunion 2 rue Maxime Rivière Sainte Clotilde, 97490 France Andreas Stengel CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center and Center for Neurovisceral Sciences and Women's Health Digestive Diseases Division, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System Los Angeles California USA Miriam Goebel CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center and Center for Neurovisceral Sciences and Women's Health Digestive Diseases Division, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System Los Angeles California USA Yvette Taché CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center and Center for Neurovisceral Sciences and Women's Health Digestive Diseases Division, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System Los Angeles California USA Andreas D. Flouris FAME Laboratory, Institute of Human Performance and Rehabilitation Centre for Research and Technology Thessaly, Karies Trikala, 42100 Greece Andres E. Carrillo FAME Laboratory, Institute of Human Performance and Rehabilitation Centre for Research and Technology Thessaly, Karies Trikala, 42100 Greece Giorgos S. Metsios School of Sports, Performing Arts and Leisure, University of Wolverhampton Walsall Campus, Gorway Road Walsall, WS1 3BD UK Susan Jacob Department of Veterans Affairs Loma Linda Western University of Health Sciences Pomona CA USA Nhu Nguyen Department of Veterans Affairs Loma Linda Western University of Health Sciences Pomona CA USA Christian S. Jackson Department of Veterans Affairs Loma Linda Western University of Health Sciences Pomona CA USA Stewart Rendon Department of Veterans Affairs Loma Linda Western University of Health Sciences Pomona CA USA |
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