In this chapter, we present the momentum equation and fluid dynamics forces in a simple way and a step by step manner related to the types of prime movers, turbines, pumps, water wheels ... etc. The force and power calculations using the velocity diagram for each type are presented too.
The derivation of Bernoulli's equation for relative motion based on consideration of momentum is very useful to present fluid motion inside a turbine runner or pump impeller of a centrifugal pump, which is shown in this chapter with solved problems.
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