Chapter 5

Structure and Function of Biological Biomolecules: Carbohydrates, Amino Acids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids, Lipids and Biomembranes

Nagendra Nath Yadav*, Saroj Yadav and Archana Pareek

Abstract

This chapter deals with the introduction, definition and classification of various biological molecules like carbohydrates, lipids and bio-membranes, amino acids, proteins and nucleic acids. The synthesis of carbohydrates, structure and function of monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides, absolute and relative configuration of sugar, reducing and non-reducing sugar, Fischer projection formula and Haworth projection formula are also briefly described. A brief knowledge about the type of fatty acids, acid value, soap value, various types of lipids, including phospholipids and sphingolipids, is also included. This unit also discusses the properties of various types of amino acids, proteins and nucleic acids, including structures of nucleoside, nucleotides, DNA and RNA.

Total Pages: 118-213 (96)

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